Technical fundamentals and application prospects of self-driving vehicles
Abstract
Self-driving vehicles represent one of today's most innovative areas of technological development, transforming transportation, logistics, and warfare simultaneously. The aim of this study is to present the technical content of autonomous systems, with a particular focus on development milestones, key technologies, and the strategies of leading industry players. We analyze in detail the role of sensors—LiDAR, radar, cameras, and ultrasound—as well as the importance of sensor fusion and artificial intelligence-driven decision-making. We also discuss navigation and localization solutions, which are essential for safe transportation. In the field of civilian use, the main areas of focus are improving transport safety, sustainable urban mobility, and logistics optimization, while military applications are opening up new horizons in the areas of logistics convoys, reconnaissance systems, and autonomous combat vehicles. The analysis emphasizes that the future success of autonomous technologies will be determined by the combined development of technical advances, regulatory frameworks, and public trust.
Keywords:
autonomous vehicles, sensor reliability, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, technical challenges
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the conference license.